| 摘要 |
1,090,603. Determining physical qualities of materials. J. VIDTS. May 27, 1966 [June 4, 1965], No.23991/66, Heading G1N. The silicon and carbon contents of cast iron are measured by producing in a sample of iron in its austenitic state, a temperature gradient, and intermittently measuring the temperatures and the difference in thermo-electric e. m. f. s generated at two points spaced apart in the direction of the temperature gradient. The silicon content is then determined from the thermo-electric e. m. f. generated for a particular temperature gradient and the carbon content is obtained from the thermal arrest appearing on the cooling curve of the sample. In the embodiments, molten iron is poured into a mold 12, Fig. 1, having walls of refractory material, e.g. sand, and a metallic chill plate 18 forming its bottom. Two thermocouples 20, 22 are arranged in the mold cavity 14 to be enveloped by the cast iron, and may be connected through a switch 26 to a recording device 28. The switch is operated to connect first one and then the other of the thermocouples to the recorder to produce cooling curves for each of the points A, B. In this embodiment, the hot junctions of the thermocouples are uninsulated and one terminal of each junction is used to measure the difference between the thermal e.m.f. formed between the sample and the terminal 32 and between the sample and the terminal 30. To this end, these two terminals are connected by the switch 26 to a recorder 34. In a modification, Fig. 3 (not shown), the two thermocouples are disposed vertically in the mold. In a further embodiment, Fig. 2 (not shown), the hot junctions of the thermocouples are insulated from the sample, the thermal e. m. f. f. being measured by a pair of electrical conductors (40), (42), whose ends are arranged immediately adjacent the hot junctions of the thermocouples. |
