| 摘要 |
1,174,153. Reverse osmosis; dynamic permeable membranes. UNITED STATES ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION. 28 March, 1967 [9 May, 1966], No. 14035/67. Headings BIX, B2E and B2K. A dynamic permeable membrane capable of rejecting solutes is prepared by passing an aqueous phase containing a dispersable material through a permeable substrate, the dispersable material comprising colloidal particles i.e. particles having diameters from 0.005 to 0.2 micron, formed from a water-soluble salt of a polyvalent metal capable of forming a hydrous metal oxide. The polyvalent metal may be tri and tetra-valent metals e.g. iron, zirconium, tin (IV) and thorium or penta or hexa-valent metals e.g. Nb(V), Ta(V) or U(VI) and the water soluble salt may be selected from the chlorides and oxychlorides. The aqueous phase being passed through the substrate may contain colloidal particles in a concentration of more than ten parts by weight of hydrous metal oxide per million parts of aqueous phase. An acid e.g. hydrochloric acid, may be separated from a metal salt e.g. a metal chloride, by passing a solution containing the acid and the metal salt through a dynamic membrane formed on a permeable substrate as described above. The substrate may have pores of diameter 30 A to 20 microns and may be of metal e.g. silver frit, porcelain, sintered glass, porous carbon, or organic materials such as porous paper. |
