| 摘要 |
1283167 Measuring voltage GENERAL MOTORS CORP 22 April 1971 [6 May 1970] 10672/71 Heading G1U [Also in Division H3j A variable voltage indicator comprises two mutually perpendicular stator coils which cooperate with a permanent magnet rotor carrying a pointer, and two associated circuits each of which, in response to the application of the voltage to be indicated, causes current to flow through its associated stator winding, the currents being such that the direction of the resultant magnetic field produced by the windings varies linearly with the applied voltage. The description relates almost entirely to the two circuits, the first of which, in response to a steadily rising applied signal voltage (horizontal axis, Fig. 3) causes a current to flow in its associated coil which follows a curve 86, and the second of which causes a current to flow which follows a curve 88. The characteristic 86 is produced by a transistor 22, Fig.1, which has an output to a linear current amplifier stage comprising two transistors 32, 38, between which the associated stator coil 16 is connected. With an applied signal voltage of zero, the transistor 22 is saturated and the output signal from its collector is such that transistor 32 is just not conducting and maximum negative current flows through the coil 16 via a resistor 40 and transistor 38. As the input signal voltage rises, the voltage applied to the base of transistor 32 rises linearly with it, until diode 26 becomes reversed biased. This occurs at ordinate B on curve 86, Fig.3, and during the period up to ordinate B the current through the coil 16 increases linearly with the signal voltage, where current flow from right-toleft through coil 16 is arbitrarily referred to as "positive". Diode 26 having become reversed biased, no further change in the voltage applied to the base of transistor 32 occurs, even though the input signal continues to rise, until transistor 22 starts to come out of saturation, which occurs at ordinate C on the curve 86. After this point, transistor 22 progressively conducts less until eventually, at ordinate E, it is fully cut-off. After this, no further change in the voltage applied to the base of transistor 32 occurs even though the input signal continues to rise. A similar circuit 14 described for applying current to the second stator winding 18 of the indicator. The biases applied to this second circuit 14 are so chosen that its characteristic 88, Fig.3, is phase displaced as shown, with respect to characteristic 86 for the first circuit. A modification is described, Fig. 5 (not shown) in which firstly the positive terminal of the signal source is connected to the positive battery supply line via a potential divider (90, 92) the tapping point of which provides a signal to the base of transistor 22, and secondly, the diode 26 is omitted, the plateau from ordinates B to C arising from saturation of transistor 32. |
