| 摘要 |
A method for measuring and/or assessing the environmental hazard related to various human (technical or industrial) activities is disclosed. The method may be used to alter the production of manufactured products, the implementation of industrial processes, the provision of material services and the establishment of industrial production systems, in order to achieve a substantial enhancement of the environmental quality thereof. The method comprises, optionally inter alia, the steps of (1) selecting a functional reference unit (UF0); (2) selecting a functional unit UFn, where n = i, among n functional units (UF) having identical or similar features; (3) selecting a set V consisting of N separate state variables or measurement parameters v, which may have various states in a system S2, i.e. the environment, said states being induced by said functional units such that V = {v?1?, v?2?, ..., v?j?, ..., v?N?}; (4) measuring each of the parameters in S2 with reference to each functional unit selected in (1) and (2); (5) calculating the amount of physical conversion Hj,i or entropy of an elementary change in the environment S2, for each parameter v?j?, in relation with the functional unit (UFi) selected in (2), and relative to the functional reference unit (UF0); (6) calculating the man-made hazard Rj,i, for each parameter v?j?, in relation with the functional unit (UFi) selected in (2), and relative to the functional reference unit (UFo); and (7) calculating the total man-made hazard produced by the N state variables in set V, steps (2) to (7) being repeated n times.
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