| 摘要 |
FIELD: railway transport; permanent way. SUBSTANCE: device for realization of proposed method of manufacture of welded rails has sheet explosive charge 1 in case 2 made of cardboard or plastic with charge blasting initiation unit 3. Charge 1 is placed on rail 4 to be strengthened. Gasket 6 made of material whose acoustic rigidity is less than that of rail material is placed between charge and surface of rail 4 and plate 5 of material whose density is higher than that of explosive charge 1 is placed at rear side of charge. Template 7 is installed at end face of rail to be strengthened. Proposed method comes to the following: prior to welding, explosive charge 1 is placed on roll surface of each end of rails 3 to be welded and charge is blasted by detonator 6. After blasting of charge detonation wave gives rise to sliding shock wave in rail. Amplitude of shock wave in zone of gasket 6 is higher than that in zone of direct contact of charge with surface of rail. This provides nonuniform strengthening of rail end and ensures maximum strengthening in zone of thermal influence of weld usually featuring reduced hardness. After blasting of charge, ends of rails are subjected to machining to remove burrs, then they are welded and weld is subjected to mechanical and thermal treatment. Rails made according to proposed technology feature smooth change of hardness in weld zone, their wear. resistance is increased as well as service life. EFFECT: increased safety owing to strengthening of rail roll surfaces. |
