Separating particles from fluid streams, e.g., dewatering sludge

摘要

The separation of fluids and/or solids from free-flowing material streams, such as a separation of fluids from solids in a free-flowing stream or light and heavy solids, proceeds due to centrifugal force. A material stream containing solids is whirled under pressure, e.g. centrifugal pressure, in a main vortex in the form of a rotating mass. Near the highest outer peripheral speed of the main vortex, controlled by a drive, a number of band like volumetric flows are pared off, and fed with peripheral velocities in accelerators into cylindrical cyclone chambers where their rotation direction and momentum are reversed from that of the main vortex in the arising secondary vortices. These secondary vortices develop increasing peripheral velocities towards the inside, and also side vortices, e.g. of fluid with a low pressure core boundary layer and solid particle vortices in the low pressure core. The side vortices and solid particle vortices are accelerated in the direction of the outlet openings and coaxially but separately removed. Also claimed is the device for performing the above process having an inlet pipe (3) on a main axis of rotation (1) above a drive chamber (22) with a central drive (4). Concentrically around the axis of rotation, on secondary axes of rotation (2) there are cylindrical accelerators (7) with inlet openings (8) and guide surfaces (14), delimited above and below by cover plates (11) and jetting cones (10) with outlet openings (9). There is a pressure potential acting from the inlet pipe (3) to the outlet openings (9) of the accelerators.