| 摘要 |
Olefins are produced from hydrocarbon halides by heating at 100-700 DEG C. in the presence of carbonaceous material which has been treated with a free -O2 containing gas, e.g. air, at 300-700 DEG C. for 1 sec. to 1 hr. Dehydro-halogenation occurs with only tertiary halides at 125-200 DEG C., and with secondary halides also at 225-300 DEG C. C3-C18 hydrocarbon halides, particularly monohalides, e.g. of alkane, cycloalkanes, and alkylcycloalkanes may be used. (Examples are listed.) The process may be carried out at sub-, super- or atmospheric pressure, in either (a) liquid phase by heating the halide and carbon together such that the olefin distils off, any halide remains, and hydrogen halide gas as absorbed or vented, or (b) gas phase by passing halide vapour through a bed of carbon. An inert carrier gas may be used. Carbon in amounts of 0.01-25% of halide is used in a batch process, or 0.01-10 volumes of liquid per volume of carbon is used per hour in a continuous process. The treated carbon may be of particle size 6-325 U.S. mesh; carbon black pigments, or conventionally activated carbon, e.g. charcoal, are suitable as starting materials.ALSO:Particulate carbonaceous material is heated to 300-700 DEG C. in a free-O2 containing gas for 1 second to 1 hour. Carbon black pigments, or conventionally activated carbon, e.g. charcoal, may be used. The gas may be air with or without an inert diluent. The material is used as a catalyst in the dehydrohalogenation of hydrocarbon halide to form olefins. |
