| 摘要 |
FIELD: studies; school, college, university physical laboratories. SUBSTANCE: a cheap portable diffractometer, simple in design, with a hand-made diffraction structure is produced on the basis of standard educational and measuring equipment and easily available materials for studying the laws of an important case of light diffraction and using the observed diffraction pattern in measurement purposes. By means of a mass diffraction object the appliance makes it possible to obtain, study in dynamics and use for measurement of light wave-length a diffraction pattern of a high illumination power similar to the diffraction pattern in parallel beams from a single round hole in a non-transparent screen. The novelty in the appliance is in the fact that it has a measuring system for a high-precision determination of increments in the radii of the diffraction pattern dark rings, which are observed at examination of a small incandescent lamp through a glass plate dusted with lycopodium powder. The unknown quantity is measured by means of a smoothly moving spot luminous mark-indicator, whose position is detected on a micrometer scale. EFFECT: enhanced contrast range of the pattern and enhanced reliability of measurements. |
