| 摘要 |
A compact, surface replica fuel cell has a fiber reinforced, porous central membrane (3) and two porous outer membranes (23, 31). Thin film catalyst and metal electrode materials are deposited on both sides of the central membrane, using a variety of techniques, such as ion or light bombardment, etching, and vacuum deposition. For compound fuels, two catalysts are deposited. The first catalyst (13) forms the interior surface replica electrode (9). The second catalyst is positioned on the interior of pores (65) to scavenge hydrogen before it is diffused out of the electrode and the electrolyte (21). A hydrophobic film (19) is deposited over the electrode films to control electrolyte positioning and to strengthen the electrodes. Catalyst surface active area is maximized by separating the catalyst film from the porous nonelectrolyte substrate (45) and filling the voids between the substrate and the catalyst film with electrolyte. A non-bipolar stack of fuel cells is constructed on the central membrane by geometrically engineering the cells on the central membrane to provide through-membrane contacts, through-cell water flow, thin film electrodes and electrode breaks. The fuel cell may function as an electrolysis cell for generating reactant gases from the electrolyte. |
