| 摘要 |
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of quaternary diesters of the formula: <IMAGE> wherein X- represents a halogen atom, R1 and R2 are the same or different and are selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a hydroxyethyl group, or may be linked together to form an alkylene group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms which may be interrupted by an N atom or O atom, and R3 and R4 are the same or different and are selected from an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, or may be linked together to form an alk(en)ylene group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms. In the process a) a secondary amine of the formula R1-NH-R2 is gradually added to and converted with one or more liquid compounds of the formula <IMAGE> a molar ratio in the range of 1.0:1.0 and 1.0:1.2, after which b) the formed solid amine hydrohalide is separated followed by c) an aftertreatment, optionally in a solvent, at elevated temperature until the conversion is substantially complete, after which, if so desired, further treatments, such as recrystallization from an organic solvent, are carried out to achieve a special product form.
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