The coupling device is used between 2 axially interfitting parts (3,4) of the dental handpiece and has a clamp element, held in a defined position relative to one part (3) and secured to the other part by a setting device, to axially clamp the parts together. Pref. the clamp element is provided by a U-shaped spring wire, which has a screw thread at either end cooperating with a tensioning screw associated with the second part of the handpiece.