Charging member having a cavity, charging device, process unit, and image forming apparatus having such a charging member

摘要

A charging member includes an electrode to be supplied with a voltage; a surface layer contactable to a member to be charged; and wherein a cavity is provided between the electrode and the surface layer. The cavity extends in a circumferential direction of the charging member and/or the cavity has a configuration to provide a substantially constant state of contact between the charging member and the member to be charged.