| 摘要 |
FIELD: preparation of materials contaminated with radionuclides to long-time storage. SUBSTANCE: radioactive materials, primarily highly radioactive waste, are covered with layers of high-melting dielectric materials, such as carbide or boron nitride, or silicon, using method of thermal decomposition of gas mixture from carbon and ammonia, nitrogen and boranes or silanes. Volume content V1 of impurities in total volume V2 of source thermally decomposed materials is 1≅(V1+V2)/V2≅1,001. Materials covered with high-melting dielectrics may be fused into glass, quartz, or ceramics in which case matrix mass m1 and fused material mass m2 are interrelated as 1.01 ≅(m1+m2)/m2≅100. Then treated contaminated materials are placed in hermetically sealed metal container whose walls are covered inside and outside with layers of carbide, boron nitride, or silicon. These layers should be applied under the same conditions as in covering contaminated material. Metal contained is placed in caset stone or diabase container and stored in room protected against environmental effects and provided with air and water cooling. Cooling medium temperature T1 in storage room and maximum temperature T2 outdoors relate as 1.1 ≅(T1+T2)/T2≅2. EFFECT: reliable isolation of radioactive materials from environment. |
