| 摘要 |
An accumulator has: (a) a porous negative electrode formed of a porous material opt. including an alkali(ne earth) metal; and (b) a porous positive electrode formed of a porous material opt. including ions of the alkali(ne earth) metal. The internal and external surfaces of the negative and/or positive electrode are covered with a film of an electrolyte in the solid state, with this film leaving a free vol. in the interior of the pores of the electrode(s). The pores of the electrodes and the free space between the electrodes are occupied by an electrolyte in the liq. state.The film of solid electrolyte has thickness 10-10<3> nm, pref. 10-35% (25%) of the dia. of the pores in the electrode(s) and is formed from a salt of the alkali(ne earth) metal in soln. in a solid polymer, pref. a polyether and esp. a polyoxyethylene with mol. wt. 10<3>-10<7>. The metal is pref. Li. The liq. electrolyte contains a salt of the metal in a liq. solvent.The film of solid electrolyte contains 5-30% of LiClO4, LiCF3SO3 and/or (CH3SO2)2NLi, and the liq. electrolyte comprises ethylene or propylene carbonate, DMF, dioxolane and/or dimethoxyethane, contg. 5-30% of LiClO4, LiAsF6, LiCF3SO3, (CF3SO2)2NLi, LiPF6, Li(C6H5)4B and/or Li(CH3)4B, and opt. contg. in soln., the solid polymer of the solid electrolyte, in a concn. at least equal to the satn. concn. of the liq. solvent for the polymer at 20 deg C. The porous material of the negative electrode is an opt. graphitised C aggregate, bonded with 1-20% of PTFE, or a C felt. The porous material of the positive electrode is a foam or felt of a metal, an active cpd. comprising V2O5, V6O13, LixMnO2, LixNiO2, LixCoO2 (x = 0-1), and/or a chalcogen (sic), and 1-10% of an inert binder. The foam or felt is of Ni, Cu, Fe or a Ni-Cr alloy, and has at least 80% porosity. The inert binder is pref. 1-5% of PTFE. |
