Herstellung von Kohlenwasserstoffderivaten

摘要

An improved process is provided for the production of a hydrocarbon derivative by the vapour phase reaction of a hydrocarbon with an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a suitable catalyst in a reactor 2 to produce a flammable gaseous product stream comprising the desired derivative, unreacted hydrocarbon, oxygen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. In the improved process, a cooled or liquefied inert gas is injected through line 22 as a quench fluid into the gaseous product stream exiting the hydrocarbon oxidation reactor 2, thereby cooling the stream to a temperature below the autoignition temperature of the flammable components of the stream, the hydrocarbon derivative is recovered from the gaseous product in a scrubber 8, and unreacted hydrocarbon is removed from the gaseous product in a separator 16 and recycled via line 20 to the reactor 2. Examples of hydrocarbon derivatives that can be prepared include maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, acrylonitrile, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, vinyl chloride and ethylene dichloride. In the example of acrylonitrile, ammonia is used as an additional reactant in the vapour phase in reactor 4, and in the example of vinyl chloride or ethylene dichloride, hydrogen chloride is used as such an additional reactant.