| 摘要 |
FIELD: agricultural dusting machines for spraying fertilizers and chemicals. SUBSTANCE: device is used as external store on helicopters "MИ-1" and "Ka-26" and aircraft "AH-2" and "ЯK-12". Spraying the chemicals is effected by air jet. Such devices do not provide wide band of spraying chemicals. Some devices employ method of acceleration of particles of chemicals by means of centrifugal wheel; in this case width of spraying chemical is greater. Two methods of creating directed jet of chemicals by means of centrifugal wheel: 1 use of wheel with volute; 2 - feeding a loose chemical to wheel along its axis of rotation through loading hole, after which jet comes off wheel in required direction. When use is made of centrifugal wheel provided with volute, considerable power losses take place due to friction of particles of chemical over curvilinear sections of volute. Supply of chemicals to centrifugal wheel through loading hole at high consumption of chemicals fails to provide compact jet since sizes of holes through which chemicals are fed to wheel become comparable with sizes of wheel proper. Width of band is reduced due to impossibility to form compact jet of chemicals, thus reducing efficiency of such centrifugal spraying. Used as prototype of spraying device is device described in Inventors Certificate No.1108683. Used as supply hole in this device is circular clearance between cone and neck ferrule. Such construction provides for forming bridges since area of section of circular passage is always lesser than critical, especially for moist chemicals. Centrifugal wheel of prototype does not form compact jet of chemicals being sprayed, thus reducing range of spraying and consequently efficiency of use of helicopter. EFFECT: elimination of above-mentioned disadvantages of prototype and other known centrifugal sprayers. 5 cl, 4 dwg |
