Schnellabschaltsystem und Verfahren zur Schnellabschaltung eines Kernreaktors

摘要

The invention relates to a fast shutdown system (1) for a nuclear reactor (2) having a reactor core (3) and a plurality of control rods (4) which are arranged side-by-side and may be inserted into a and withdrawn from the core (3). The control rods (4) have a plurality of operating groups (5a, 5b) into which the control rods (4) are fitted to control the power of the nuclear reactor (2) and a number of shutdown groups (7a, 7b) into which the control rods (4) are fitted to shut the nuclear reactor (2) down rapidly. Control rods (4) from at least two operating groups (5a, 5b) are allocated to each shutdown group (7a, 7b) and/or control rods (4) from at least two shutdown groups (7a, 7b) are allocated to each operating group (5a, 5b). Such an arrangement of the control rods (4) in shutdown groups (7a, 7b) and operating groups (5a, 5b) ensures, even when not all the control rods (4) have been withdrawn on a start-up of the nuclear reactor (2), that on fast shutdown with the failure of control rods (4) of a shutdown group (7a, 7b) to enter, at least some of the control rods (4) already withdrawn are reinserted into the reactor core (3). Preferably there are two shutdown groups (7a, 7b), in which a single hydraulic insertion system (6a, 6b) is allocated to each shutdown group (7a, 7b). The invention also relates to a process for the fast shutdown of a nuclear reactor (2).