| 摘要 |
This describes an emergency breathing device for a person buried in snow. Snow contains considerable air. The person inhales through a mouthpiece connected via tubing and a one-way valve to an inhalation chamber. The surface of the inhalation chamber is covered by an inhalation membrane permeable to air but not to snow. The snow-contacting surface of the inhalation membrane is sufficiently large to pass, under normal respiratory pressure gradients, enough air from the snow for normal inhalation. The buried person exhales through the same mouthpiece, which separately connects via tubes and a one-way valve to an exhalation chamber. The exhalation chamber is covered by an exhalation membrane permeable to air but not to snow. The snow-contacting surface of the exhalation membrane is sufficiently large to pass, under normal respiratory pressure gradients, the exhaled air from the exhalation chamber to the snow. The user wears the device on an outer garment, activating it simply by placing the mouthpiece in the mouth. The inhalation and exhalation chambers are located sufficiently far apart on the garment to minimize mixing of previously exhaled air with air for inhalation. The light weight and mechanical simplicity of the device make it easy for a skier to carry, wear, and use.
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