| 摘要 |
Di-olefinic terpenes are contacted with a formylation catalyst for sufficient time to give a mono-olefinic terpene. This is reacted with carbon monoxide and hydrogen using the same catalyst to give a saturated terpene aldehyde and, on hydrogenation, a terpene alcohol. The first treatment is effected at a temperature of 0-300, preferably 140-190 DEG C. for about 1 hour with a Group 8 metal catalyst, preferably cobalt-thoria-silica. Cooling yields camphene which, on addition of hydrogen chloride, gives pinene hydrochloride. By cooling to 130-140 DEG C. and reacting with water gas, terpene aldehydes are formed which may be hydrogenated simultaneously or subsequently with the same or other catalysts, e.g. nickel or copper oxide-chromic oxide. Diolefinic terpenes C10H16 yield alcohols C11H20O used for the preparation of foaming and wetting agents, softening materials, cosmetics, and perfurmes. In examples: (1) a terpene fraction from turpentine is dropped slowly on to a cobalt catalyst in a distillation column, the product distilling off under the heat produced. Molecular weight is unchanged; (2) a terpene fraction is autoclaved at 170 DEG C. with the same catalyst for 1 hour; (3) a terpene fraction is autoclaved as in (2) with a reduced cobalt catalyst, cooled to 135 DEG C., and water gas introduced at about 150 kg/cm2 to produce aldehydes which are hydrogenated in the same vessel. |
