The compact air conditioning unit is shaped to fit into an opening in the vehicle, this is either the roof opening or a partially opened side window. Part of the housing extends out of the profile of the vehicle and forms a cooling duct to cool the condenser (10) of the air conditioning system. The vaporiser (11) is in a parallel duct (8) for recirculating the internal air of the vehicle and is fan assisted (13). The external airflow can also be fan assisted (12). The unit is linked to the vehicle electric system by a plug (16) and is removed when not required e.g. in winter. The coolant gas for the air conditioning unit is stored in a container in the vehicle.