Calibrating a network analyzer by making multiple measurements on a common transmission line with a movable discontinuity

摘要

For calibrating a network analyzer which has two test ports adapted to be connected to an object under test by means of lines or through free-space, the transmission and reflection parameters are measured in a first calibrating measurement either on a line which is connected in reflection-free fashion between the two test ports or on the free-space connection. Subsequently two or three further calibrating measurements are performed with the same free-space connection or the same line, respectively, on calibration standards which are implemented by reflection-symmetrical and reciprocal interfering objects or discontinuities inserted at two or three different positions in the free-space connection or the line, respectively.