| 摘要 |
An electrical capacitor includes an organic electrolyte to provide high power, high energy density, and broad operating temperature range. The capacitor includes electrodes and an electrolyte system comprising a salt combined with a solvent containing a nitrile. The electrolyte system is selected to be relatively nonreactive and difficult to oxidize or reduce so as to produce a high electric potential range. As examples, the electrolyte may include a solvent selected from the group consisting of acetonitrile, succinonitrile, glutaronitrile, propylene carbonate, and ethylene carbonate; a salt cation selected from the group consisting of tetraalkylamonium (R4N+) and alkali metals; and an anion selected from the group consisting of trifluoromethylsulfonate (CF3SO3-), bistrifluoromethylsulfurylimide (N(CF3SO2)2-), tristrifluoromethylsulfurylcarbanion (C(CF3SO2)3-), tetrafluoroborate (BF4-), hexafluorophosphate (PF6-), hexafluoroarsenate (AsF6-), and perchlorate (ClO4-).
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