Kontinuierliches Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyestern

摘要

1,140,922. Continuous production of polyesters. MELLE-BEZONS. 18 May, 1967 [10 June, 1966], No. 23265/67. Heading C3R. [Also in Division B1] In a process for the continuous production of polyesters from polycarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof and polyhydroxy compounds the reactants are passed in countercurrent to vapours of an azeotropic water entrainer bubbling through the mixture. Suitable water-containers are hydrocarbons, e.g. benzene, toluene, n-hexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane and n-heptane. The reactants may be mixed under an inert atmosphere at 50-200‹ C. then reacted in a series of reactors in. cascade formation, or in a plate column, at 180-260‹ C., the water entraining vapours being introduced at or near the bottom of the last reaction zone, the waterentrainer having been degassed by boiling before use. The Figure shows a preferred arrangement in which the reaction takes place in a cascade of three reactors (15, 16, 17) having heaters (19, 20, 21); water-entrainer is led via column 31 in which it is degassed into a boiler 32, whence the vapour proceeds in part through column 31 to condenser 35 and in part through overheater 37 into the reactors 17, 16 and 15 in sequence; the vapours from the first reactor (15) are led into a distillation column 8 in which entrained reactants are condensed and returned to the reactor 15, while the head vapours are condensed in a condenser 10, the water being discarded and the water entrainer being in part returned to the head of the column 8 and in part rectified and used again; the reactants are mixed in the heated vessel 1 and led into the column 8, in which they are degassed and from which they pass with the condensed material to the first reactor (15). In examples, polyesters are prepared in such apparatus from propylene glycol or propylene glycol/diethylene glycol or diethylene glycol or ethylene glycol, and maleic anhydride with phthalic anhydride or tetrahydrophthalic anhydride or tetrachlorophthalic anhydride or adipic anhydride, i.p.o. hydroquinone or p-tbutylcatechol as stabilizer using cyclohexane, benzene or n-hexane as the water-entrainer at 200-250‹ C. The products may be mixed with unsaturated monomers.