Method for the temperature-dependent immobilisation of biocatalysts and tissue cells on solid, biocompatible carrier materials

摘要

Method for the functional immobilisation of enzymes, proteins, peptides and whole cells on solid carrier materials by means of electrostatic interaction between a biocompatible surface coating on the solid and the adsorbate which is to be immobilised. Modern industrial applications of biocatalysis frequently require the immobilisation of enzymes or whole cells on solid carrier materials in the bioreactor with minimal losses of enzymatic activity. Biocompatible surfaces and binding mechanisms which have a minimal effect on the natural state of the enzyme are necessary for this purpose. The method is aimed at the low-cost and simple preparation and use of biocompatible surface coatings on the carrier material by means of lipid bilayers for the immobilisation, and the utilisation of the physicochemical properties of the surface coating for the control, adsorption and desorption of the enzymes. Carrier materials are completely and stably enveloped by a lipid bilayer by adsorption of very small monolayer phospholipid membrane vesicles on the solid surface. The enzyme to be immobilised is subsequently washed into the bioreactor and can adsorb on the lipid bilayer by coulomb interaction without significant loss of activity. The adsorption characteristics of the surface with regard to the enzymes can be influenced by the temperature.