| 摘要 |
A process is provided for preparing N-alkyl-3,4-dialkyl-2,6-dinitroanilines of the formula <CHEM> Wherein R1 is hydrogen, C1 to C6 straight or branched chain alkyl group; and R2, R3 and R4 are independently C1 to C6 straight or branched chain alkyl group optionally substituted by one or more halogen groups, wherein a. 3,4-dialkyl phenol of the formula <CHEM> is selectively nitrated with nitric acid in a two phase system to form 3,4-dialkyl-2,6-dinitrophenol of the formula: <CHEM> b. the 3,4-dialkyl-2,6-dinitrophenol is alkylated with an alkylating agent in the presence of a base and a catalytic amount of a phase transfer catalyst chosen from the group consisting of (R')4Q<+> X- wherein R' may be the same or different C1 to C16 straight or branched alkyl groups, benzyl, substituted benzyl; Q is N or P; and X is CL, Br, I or HSO4; a macrocyclic ether and polyethylene glycols of formula HO - (CH2CH2O-)n-CH2CH2OH where n is an integer from 10 to 50, in an organic solvent to form 3,4-dalkyl-2,6-dinitro alkoxybenzene of the formula: <CHEM> where R5 is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. c. the 3,4-dialkyl-2,6-dinitro alkoxybenzene is reacted with an amine of the formula <CHEM> where R1 and R2 are defined above, in the presence of a catalytic amount of base or halide to form N-alkyl-3,4-dialkyl-2,6-dinitroaniline. d. the N-alkyl-3,4-dialkyl-2,6-dinitroaniline is recovered. |
