| 摘要 |
A fabrication method of strengthening metallic alloys by composite technology has been developed by mixing steel shots or aggregates with conventional alloys, thus preventing cold flow or creep. Preventing creep is advantageous in thermal plugs which must withstand fluid pressure without leakage until subjected to dangerous temperatures such as caused by fire. The matrix alloy primarily consists of some or all of copper, magnesium, bismuth, tin, lead, cadmium, and indium and the particle material is preferably iron or steel. New alloys exhibit a higher strength against a hydrostatic gas pressure than that of conventional matrix phase containing no reinforcing particles, while maintaining the melting temperature of new alloys in the same range of conventional unreinforced matrix alloy. The mixing of steel particles with the matrix is achieved by employing a flux such as ammonium chloride. Other reinforcible matrix alloys include tin-based, lead-based, copper-based, zinc-based, cadmium-based, indium-based, bismuthbased, magnesium-based, and aluminum-based alloys used for dynamic and structural parts requiring strength and creep resistance. Ferroaluminum shots are comprised primarily of iron and aluminum and they are light, relatively nonreactive with zinc, and bondable to aforementioned matrix alloys by using inorganic acid-based fluxes of zinc chloride, ammonium chloride, a mixture of chlorides, or a mixture of chlorides and fluorides. Other fluxes such as organic acid-based chemicals work as a cleaning agent when they can clean surface oxides of both the matrix alloy and reinforcing shots. Materials for alternative reinforcement include conventional steel or iron shots coated with sodium nitrite, ferroaluminum shots coated with sodium nitrite, nickel, copper, their base alloys, refractory metals, copper or nickel-coated metals, copper or nickel-coated plastics, and copper or nickelcoated ceramics. |
