Time domain reflectometer impedance sensor method of use and implantable cardiac stimulator using same

摘要

A time domain reflectometry (TDR) impedance sensor is provided for measuring body impedance along a lead or catheter implanted in a patient's cardiovascular system. The TDR sensor applies an electrical stimulus to the lead and measures reflections echoed from impedance variations along and distal to the lead, which are superimposed on the applied stimulus. The measured signals may be analyzed with respect to time-of-flight and distance along the lead to detect a plurality of physiologically meaningful signals.