Quantum interference devices and methods for processing interference current

摘要

An electron wave is propagated through a plurality of quantum-structure paths of a quantum interference device and is branched into into plural electron waves that are confined in the quantum-structure paths. The electron waves from the quantum-structure paths are combined into a plurality of kinds of different energy level electron waves with varying magnitudes dependent on phase differences between the branched electron waves. The currents of the plurality of kinds of electron waves are detected and a non-fluctuating current is produced from the detected currents. The fluctuation of the electron wave current does not influence the non-fluctuating current and the phase differences among branched electron waves may be modulated by light, an electric field or a magnetic field applied to the branching portion of the device.