| 摘要 |
To determine the track of an element (16) in terms of the components of its displacement parallel to a predetermined axis, the element (16) is arranged to be movable relative to a pattern (20) having pattern features which considered in directions parallel to said predetermined axis form a series exhibiting a windowing property. By sensing the pattern features traversed by the element (16) and comparing window-length portions (69) of this succession of features with a stored representation (66) of the overall series of features, it is possible eventually to detect an initial location of the element along this series. Further movement of the element can then be tracked incrementally; however, there will generally be a substantial initial track portion preceding the first location fix. By keeping a record (70) of the pattern features sensed during this initial track, it is possible to carry out a backtracking process to seek to recover this initial track, this process involving working backwards away from the first location fix and using, for example, an incremental tracking technique with provision for reversal recovery. |
