Verwendung von Meliaceen-Pflanzen bzw. - Pflanzenteilen als Pflanzenschutzmittel mit fungizider Wirkungsrichtung

摘要

Described is the use of plants or parts of plants of the Meliaceae neem tree (Antelaea azadirachta, synonym: Melia azadirachta L., synonym: Azadirachta indica A.Juss.) or Persian lilac (Melia azedarach L., synonym: M. sempervirens Sw., synonym: M. japonica Don.) as active ingredient components in plant protection products (plant protecting agents) with fungicidal activity for inhibiting attack of crop plants by phytopathogenic fungi. It is preferred to use the seeds of the neem tree or the fruits of Persian lilac, preferably in the form of aqueous or alcoholic extracts of the seeds of the neem tree, or the fruit of Persian lilac. However, it is also possible to use parts of the plants such as leaves, pulp, bark, wood directly in suitable use form, for example dried and ground as a powder. Particularly effective compositions can be achieved by processing the seeds of the neem tree, or the fruits of Persian lilac, by means of repeated extraction. The active substance concentrates according to the invention can either by incorporated into the coating substances for the seeds of the plants to be protected, by the incrusting process, as a protection of the plants against attack by seed- or soil-borne pathogenic fungi. Alternatively, the active substance concentrates according to the invention can also be applied directly to the crop plants to be protected in aqueous form, as spray mixtures, so as to protect against attack or to reduce the damage caused by attack. The neem tree extracts according to the invention have proved to be particularly effective for controlling root rot in beet, scab and mildew in fruit growing, downy and powdery mildew in viticulture, rot in viticulture and in strawberries and ornamentals.