| 摘要 |
Method and apparatus for the treatment of fluids, particularly wine, to remove unwanted substances. The wine is first treated in a reverse osmosis treatment unit, generating a retentate and a raw permeate. The membrane for the reverse osmosis unit is selected to pass in the permeate the unwanted substances, which in the case of wine may be volatile acidity (ethyl acetate and acetic acid). The raw permeate is then subjected to a treatment: column. In the case of volatile acidity, this is an anion exchange column, which removes the acetic acid from the permeate by anion exchange and removes the ethyl acetate by base hydrolysis. This produces a purified permeate, which is depleted in volatile acidity (which is passed through with the raw permeate), but contains other components desirable for the wine. The purified permeate is then recombined with the retentate from the reverse osmosis column, and the result is wine with the volatile acidity and little else removed. This wine may be recirculated through the system to remove yet more of the volatile acidity. The method may also be applied to the removal of acetaldehyde, in which case a distillation column is used instead of the anion exchange column, and the distillation residue constitutes the purified permeate which is recombined with the retentate fromthe reverse osmosis column. An embodiment utilizing a high-energy distillation column may be used to separate out alcohol and water, and then add either the alcohol or the water back to the reverse osmosis retentate, thus producing either a higher alcohol or a lower alcohol beverage, respectively.
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