| 摘要 |
18 The present invention deals with insulated ice dams, with makeup cooling facilities, applicable to cool, short summer nordic countries; for river dams, for dams harnessing the sea tidal power etc., using: a) ice dams processed and frozen during the cold winter months, making use of the sub-zero atmospheric air temperature to freeze an isolated mass of water, section by section, leaving cooling agent conduits/tunnels, across the ice dam, accessible to man and to robots, b) a layer of ice/frozen wood pulp mixture known to have a higher melting temperature than the pure ice alone, to cover the exposed surface of the ice dam all around serving as a primary insulation skin covering the ice dam, c) an additional ice dome over the water level increasing the weight of the ice dam to counterbalance the uplifting forces acting on it, d) an insulation cover over the whole surface of the ice dam, e) cold water sprinkling system over the exposed insulation cover, when the atmospheric temperature rises over the melting point, causing the sprinkled water to evaporate and cool down the insulation cover, f) a cooling process of the ice dam during the summer season using, generally, the method of compressed and decompressed gases, to cool the gases to sub-zero temperature, to be circulated through the cooling agent conduits provided across the ice dam, to maintain the said ice dam in its frozen state, g) a heat exchanging process between the warm cooling gases in summer and the natural cold water accumulating behind the dam to lower the temperature of the cooling gases prior and during the compression and decompression operation, so transferring the cold water temperature to the cooling gases; air or other cooling agents, and in turn, to the ice dam to maintain the ice at sub-zero temperature during summer season, resulting in an ice dam using material (water) supplied and delivered on site by nature, frozen by nature in winter and partly maintained in its frozen state in summer by nature as well.
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