Emulsion explosive.

摘要

A mixed surfactant system for use in emulsion explosives is provided which confers improved emulsion stability and comprises a surfactant and a co-surfactant, each having branched chain hydrocarbyl tail groups, the former having significantly longer tail chain groups than the latter, for which system poly[alk(en)yl] succinic anhydride based surfactants are especially preferred, said surfactants having an interaction parameter, beta , which is less than zero. The interaction parameter beta can be calculated from the values of C12, C1<0> and C2<0> by the following equations. $$ where\; C12,\; C1and\; C2are\; the\; critical\; concentration\; of\; the\; mixed\; surfactants,\; pure\; surfactant\; 1\; and\; pure\; surfactant\; 2\; respectively,\; alpha\; is\; the\; mole\; fraction\; of\; the\; surfactant\; 1\; and\; (1-\; alpha\; )\; is\; the\; mole\; fraction\; of\; the\; surfactant\; 2\; in\; the\; surfactant/oil\; mixture,\; and\; X1\; is\; the\; mole\; fraction\; of\; surfactant\; 1\; in\; the\; total\; surfactant\; in\; the\; mixed\; monolayer\; and\; the\; value\; of\; X1\; can\; be\; obtained\; by\; solving\; Equation\; 1.\mathop{\mathrm{image}}$$