| 摘要 |
<p>Prodn. of lubricating oil additive concentrates with total base no (TBN) above 300 is effected by reacting (A) at least 2 cpds. (i)-(iv) where (i) is a (non)-sulphurised hydrocarbyl-substd. phenol or its Ca salt; (ii) is a (non)-sulphurised hydrocarbyl-substd. salicylic aicd or Ca salt; (iii) is a (non)-sulphurised hydrocarbyl-substd. naphthenic acid or Ca salt; and (iv) is a hydrocarbyl-substd. sulphonic acid or Ca salt; (B) an alkaline earth metal base added in a single addn. or at a no. of intermediate points during the reaction; (C) at least one of the following: (i) water; (ii) a 2-4C polyhydric alcohol; (iii) a di(3 or 4C) glycol; (iv) a tri (2-4C) glycol; (v) a mono- or poly-alkylene glycol alkyl ether of formula R(OR1)xOR2 (R=1-6C alkyl; R1 = alkylene; R2 = H or 1-6C alkyl; and x = an integer of 1-6); (vi) a 1-20C monohydric alcohol; (vii) a 1-20C ketone; (viii) a 1-10C carboxylic acid ester; or (ix) a 1-20C ether. (D) a lubricating oil; (E) CO2 added subsequent to the, or each, addn. of (B); (F) 2-40 wt. % (based on concentrate wt.) of a carboxylic acid (or anhyd., acid chloride or ester) of formula R3-R4CH-COOH (I) and of mol. wt. below 500 R3 = 10-24C alk(en)yl; and R4 = H, 1-4C alkyl or -CH2COOH; and (G) at least one (i) inorg. halide or (ii) an ammonium alkanoate or a mono-to-tetra-alkyl ammonium formate or alkanoate, with proviso that when (G) is (ii), (F) is not an acid chloride.</p> |
