HYPERFILTRATION MEMBRANES WITH SEPARATION LAYERS FROM MONOMOLECULAR SURFACTANT FILMS

摘要

The invention relates to a hyperfiltration membrane containing a supporting layer and a separation layer. The membrane is characterized in that the separation layer consists of a crosslinked monomolecular film of molecules, the molecules of the separation layer in the uncrosslinked state being surfactants or surfactant-like lipoids containing at least one hydrophobic chain and at least one hydrophilic group, the hydrophobic chains of these molecules being oriented mainly perpendicularly to the plane of the membrane and parallel to the diffusion direction after crosslinking and the molecules of the separation layer being crosslinked with one another through functional groups in at least one of their hydrophobic chains and/or through functional groups in at least one of their hydrophilic groups. The invention also relates to a process for the production of hyperfiltration membranes in which the surfactant molecules or the surfactant-like lipoid molecules are spread out under a certain spreading pressure or occupying an average space over the surface of an aqueous solution or at the interface between an aqueous solution and a liquid immiscible therewith, the surfactant molecules or the surfactant-like lipoid molecules are crosslinked with one another and the separation layer crosslinked in this way is applied to a supporting membrane.