| 摘要 |
A process for the carbonylation of an olefinically or acetylenically unsaturated compound with carbon monoxide in the presence of a nucleophilic compound having a removable hydrogen atom and a catalyst system comprising a) a source of palladium, b) a phosphine of general formula PR<1>R<2>R<3>, wherein R<1>, R<2> and R<3> independently represent an optionally substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or N-heterocyclic group, and c) a source of anions being the conjugated base of an acid having a pKa < 3, characterized in that the reaction medium at least initially is a multi-phase liquid reaction medium, and that the catalyst system comprises a component b) or c) having an amphiphatic structure, and catalyst compositions particularly suitable for said process.
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