| 摘要 |
The invention relates to new cationic surfactants based on quaternary ammonium compounds which are characterized by the general formula R1 - CHOH - CHR2 - ?R3R4R5 X- (I) wherein R1 may be a linear or branched alkyl residue having from 1 to 22 car bon atoms; R2 may be hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl residue having from 1 to 21 carbon atoms, the total number of carbon atoms of the substituents R1 and R2 being in the range of from 8 to 22; R3 and R4 represent methyl, ethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl or 2-hydroxypropyl; R5 represents an alkyl residue having from 4 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenalkyl residue having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl residue; and X- represents the anion of benzoic acid, of benzoic acid monosubstituted with CH3, NH3, NO2, COOH, OH or SO3H, of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having the general formula HOOC (CH2)n -COOH wherein n is a number from 2 to 8, of fumaric acid, of maleic acid or of sulfosuccinic acid; and the use of such cationic surfactants in industrial cleaning agents. |
