| 摘要 |
A solar water heater absorber with controllable freeze damage is described, the absorber having removable heat absorbing panels attached on opposite sides to each riser, each panel having a flat portion to receive the sun's rays and a folded curved portion to reside next to the horizontal pipe riser. An elongated "C" clamp compressing the curved portion of both panels to the riser provides efficient heat conduction. The risers are arranged in a serpentine fashion with manifolds attaching appropriate adjacent ends and vertical freeze expansion pipes attaching to the manifolds through bridge pipes, one freeze expansion pipe at each end of the risers. At one end of each freeze expansion pipe is a test cap. Water flow through the bridge pipe is restricted by an internal plug with orifice, a reduced diameter bridge pipe, or an opening formed in the manifold or into connected freeze expansion pipes encompassed by the bridge pipe. In the event of a mild freeze, water freezing in the riser will expand into the freeze expansion pipes and escape by rupturing the test cap and thereby reduce damage. If the freeze is sufficiently hard to rupture a riser, the riser may be removed and replaced very easily.
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