| 摘要 |
Guerbet alcohols (I) are produced by condensation of linear prim. aliphatic alcohols (II) in the presence of an alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide (III) and a catalyst mixt. contg. Fe(III) sulphate (A), basic Cu carbonate (B) and Ni (C). More specifically, (II) are 6-22C linear prim. aliphatic alcohols, and amt. of (II) is 2-10 wt.% (pref. KOH) w.r.t. (II); wt. ratio A:B:C in the catalyst mixt. is (0.25:0.25:1)-(1:1:1), and catalyst concn. is 0.05-1 wt.% w.r.t. (II); pref. condensation is carried out at 180-250 deg.C. in a cascade appts.. USE/ADVANTAGE - The process is useful for the prodn. of alpha-branched alcohols (I) which are used e.g. in the mfr. of superfatting agents, lubricants, detergents, etc.. The process can be operated as a batch or (pref.) continuous process (contrast prior-art processes); reaction times are also reduced. In an example, octanol was subjected to continuous Guerbet condenstion in a vertical 3-stage cascade appts. in the presence of 4 wt.% KOH and 0.4 wt.% catalyst (Fe2(SO4)3.5H2O/CuCO3.Cu(OH)2/Ni = 1:1:2,; Ni as 17 wt.% slurry in fatty alcohol or fish oil); stages 1, 2 and 3 were operated at 187, 217 and 244 deg.C. respectively, and the reactants were mixed by means of a stream of nitrogen at 800 ml./hr; alcohol (I) was run off at 475 ml/hr. and water at 25 ml/hr.. The alcohol fraction contained 4.5 wt.% 8C, 66.0 wt.% iso-16C and 11.0 wt.% 24C alcohols, and 18.5 wt.% distn. residue. |
