| 摘要 |
<p>The sensitive element of the sensor is a crystal with electro- optical properties traversed by a light beam with predetermined directions of propagation and polarisation. This crystal is shaped into an ellipsoid (14) and its crystallographic symmetry is either uniaxial 622, 422 or 42m, or cubic 43m or 23. The three perpendicular axes of the ellipsoid are directed along the three orthogonal crystallographic axes of the highest crystal symmetry. This sensor incorporates at least one measurement channel consisting of a monochromatic light source (2) emitting an incident beam (4), a means (6) of polarising this incident beam along a first crystallographic direction of the crystal, means (6, 8, 12) for introducing the polarised incident beam into the crystal along a second crystallographic direction, a system (30) for analysing the light beam emerging from the crystal and a detector (32) of the analysed light signal.
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