| 摘要 |
Dried tobacco leaves evenly spread by a vibrator, cleaned and sorted out, are directed through the opening of two converging cylinders, and tightly held on between two belts. Now, the belts carrying the leaves, enter into a hot wash basin full of warm water at a temperature of 40 degrees C. They are washed for 4-5 minutes and moved thereafter into a second basin with water heated at 100 degrees C. The bathing of the leaves takes 6-8 seconds and immediately thereafter they are moved into a third, filled with cold water. The three consecutive baths cause the removal by extraction of resins, tars and nicotine. Dissolved by the water and washed away also the are pesticides. The cold water washes away the nitrogenous substances. Hydrolysis removes the textrines. If stronger intervention is desired, the leaves after the first bath may be directed into freezing dry chamber. The wet leaves fall now into another system of reversible conveyors, located in a heated tunnel. In the first part the tunnel is heated at 65 degrees C., completing the conversion of the remnants of the proteins and starchy substances into glucose. In the second stage, the temperature is raised to 95-100 degrees C., which converts glucose into caramel. Acetic acid solution may be used for spraying of the leaves at their exit. The final phase is one of dehydration, making the leaves porous and improving combustibility.
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