| 摘要 |
<p>1,070,101. Pulsating liquid contact columns. STAMICARBON N.V. Aug. 4, 1964 [July 26, 1963; Feb. 17, 1964], No. 30986/64. Heading B1F. Liquid contained in a column 1 is partly supported by a rubber diaphragm 3, whose other side partly encloses an air cushion 21, 15 which is intermittently supplied with compressed gas so as to cause the liquid column to vibrate at its resonant frequency. Diaphragm 3 has a reinforced centre 6 which is connected by ball-and-socket joints and rod 9 to a slide valve 8. A supply of compressed air to conduit 13 causes downward movement of diaphragm 3 which moves valve 8 to cover rectangular port 10 and uncover rectangular port 11, whereby the pressure in space 21, 15 is released via conduit 19, allowing the diaphragm to move upwards to begin a new cycle. The amplitude of the movement is determined by the volume of air supplied through valve 20, and is observable as pointer 24 moves in transparent tube 26. Chamber 15 contains air, open to space 21 at 14, over oil 16. The oil level 18 is varied to adjust the total air cushion volume and hence the frequency of the diaphragm movement. The pulsation may be sinusoidal, or by opening valve 22 wide and closing down valve 20 saw-tooth pulsations are produced, liquid in the column rising slowly, falling quickly. Fig. 2 (not shown) illustrates an arrangement in which the diaphragm movement pivots a lever which alternately opens inlet and outlet valves supplying air to and releasing air from the cushion behind the diaphragm. The outlet valve acts also as a pressure release safety valve. Figure 3 (not shown) illustrates a diaphragm pulsator as described on a liquid-liquid contact, countercurrent flow, ring-packed extraction column, which may be used to extract nitrolactam from nitrobenzene using ammonia. Figures 4a, 4b (not shown) illustrate arrangements for use with columns containing liquid with quantities of gas bubbles (e.g. CO 2 produced by reaction between liquids in the column), the diaphragms being connected to the columns by bodies of liquid containing no gas bubbles.</p> |
