| 摘要 |
A stabilized solid material is made by mixing 8-30% by weight, based on the solid material, of a petroleum residuum with 70-92%, i.e. the residue, of a finely-divided solid, compressing the mixture to a density of 80-98% theoretical, and curing at 150-600 DEG F. The composition pressure may be 200-5000 p.s.i. The solid preferably contains not more than 5% water. The petroleum residuum may be mixed either molten or dissolved in a volatile solvent, b.p. 175-600 DEG F., e.g. a hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon, with residuum concentration in the solution of 30-90% by weight. The mixture is then dried to a solvent concentration of less than 4% by weight such that the solvent-residuum mixture has penetration 20-335. The term "petroleum residuum" includes natural or artificially prepared asphalts, which may be chemically modified. 1-10% by weight of natural or synthetic thermoplastic or thermosetting materials may be added, e.g. resins or elastomers. Wetting, emulsifying and antistripping agents may be used. The preferred softening point is 100-300 DEG F. or higher; penetration at 77 DEG F. is preferably 100 or less. The finely divided solid may be inorganic or organic, e.g. one or more of earth, soil, iron ore, cinder, expanded slag or clay, rock wool, steel wool, abrasives, cellulosic fibres, diatomaceous earths, silt, coal, asbestos, glass fibres, quartz, carbonate rock, or volcanic ash; minerals include kaolinite, chlorite, talc, mica, specular haematite and attapulgite. If soil is used, clay should be present. |
