Removing harmful substances from fluid - by passing fluid through polymer, lipoid or oil dispersed in medium, and removing with microorganisms

摘要

Harmful substances are removed from a fluid, esp. water or air, by flowing the fluid through a polymer, lipoid or oil with high solubility for the harmful substances, so that these are taken up. The substances are removed from the polymer, etc., by means of bacteria. The polymer, etc., is dispersed in a medium which is suitable for the microorganisms. Harmful substances are removed from soil by flushing the soil with the fluid. The dispersion is obtd. by addn. of an emulsifier; esp. a biologically degradable emulsifier, pref. one which is degraded by the microorganisms. Partic., a ternary biological system with a miscibility gap is used, so that a suitable dispersion can be prepd.. The ternary system is esp. a water/lipoid-water system. Soln. of the harmful substances in the polymer, etc., and breakdown of the substances are in separate stages, esp. the dispersion or emulsion is broken, the lipoid phase is recycled to a first stage, and the aq. phase with the biomass is passed to a 2nd stage for breakdown of the harmful substances. In purifying air, silicone oils dispersed in water are used, partic. with a vegetable- or animal-based emulsifier. Vegetable oils are used for purifying water and/or soil. ADVANTAGE - A large diffusion surface is obtd..