摘要 |
An electrical resistance heater includes interior surface bounding a fluid passage therein configured so as to disrupt lamellar flow of fluid and impart cross-mixing to the fluid. In specific construction, heaters herein include a housing, or heating cartridge insert to the housing, having a fluid inlet port and a fluid outlet port, a fluid passage extending longitudinally with the housing between the fluid inlet port and the fluid outlet port and bounded in part by surface which is configured to impart lateral displacement to fluid traversing the passage, and an electrical resistance heater disposed in such passage.
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