| 摘要 |
A marine seismic surveying method utilizes two vertically spaced marine streamers (18,20) each having a plurality of seismic detectors (22,24) contained therein, and a seismic energy source (16) positioned at or near the surface (38) of a body of water (10) to generate seismic waves (30,32,34) which propagate into earth formations (26,28) below the water and reflect back up to be detected at each streamer. Seismic waves also reflect from the water/air interface back down toward the streamers. The seismic waves detected at two selected vertically displaced seismic detectors (22,24) are combined to form a sum signal which is then combined with a scaled time integral of a difference signal to form a resultant signal which preserves either the upgoing or downgoing seismic waves. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sum signal and the integral signal are both filtered to remove DC bias and low frequency components prior to the combination. Additionally, the time integral of the difference signal is preferably scaled by balancing the power therein with the power in the sum signal, thereby automatically adjusting for variations in detector spacing which may occur. In one embodiment of the present invention, the upgoing signal and downgoing signal are time shifted and combined to maximize the resultant signal-to-noise ratio. |
