| 摘要 |
PURPOSE:To obtain compounds useful as a raw material for dyes, medicines, agricultural chemicals, etc., in high yield by using nitric acid as a nitrating agent and a specific layer clay mineral or specific compound oxide as a catalyst in nitrating benzenes in the vapor phase. CONSTITUTION:Benzenes are subjected to nitrating reaction with nitric acid as a nitrating agent in the vapor phase at 100-300 deg.C temperature. In the process, (A) an acidic layer clay mineral subjected to ion exchange with a polyvalent metal or (B) an acidic compound oxide of a group VIA metal of the periodic table with tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide, niobium oxide or zinc oxide is used as a catalyst. Remarkably high catalyst activity and selectivity are exhibited for the nitrating reaction by using the above-mentioned catalyst and the activity thereof is sustained for a long period. The molar ratio of the nitric acid to the benzenes used is (5/1)-(1/10).
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