Verfahren zur Verhinderung der Emulsionsbildung bei Kondensaten aus bei der Waermebehandlung von kohlenstoffhaltigen Feststoffen, wie OElschiefer, anfallenden Dampfgemischen

摘要

Oil and water are separately recovered from the vapours obtained by the thermal treatment of solid carbonaceous materials by first condensing and separating hydrocarbons boiling above 650 DEG F. leaving a vapour containing steam and condensing steam together with an oil fraction, which is separable from the water without the aid of external expedients and which is at least partly combined with the first oil fraction, leaving a light hydrocarbon vapour. Preferably the first condensation is effected in a fractionating column 2 from which is recovered the steam/hydrocarbon vapours by line 3 preferably leaving condensed hydrocarbons boiling above 500 DEG F. recovered in four fractions by lines 5, 8, 13, and 18. The first passes to absorber 70, the second is partly cooled and returned to the column by line 10, the third is also partly cooled and returned by line 15 and the remainder of these fractions together with the fourth, from which solids have been separated, are used to supply heat to absorber 70 and recovered in line 76. The overhead vapours are cooled at 4 to 60-180 DEG F. and separated into water, passed for purification at 90, a liquid hydrocarbon fraction in line 37 partly returned to fractionator 2 and partly passed to absorber 70, and vapours in line 33 which are compressed and partly recycled by line 36 and partly cooled and passed to separator 50. Water is recovered by line 56 and liquid and vaporous hydrocarbons by lines 55 and 51; these latter are combined and passed to absorber 70 where all C3+ hydrocarbons are absorbed and recovered in line 72 for combining with oil in line 76 while fuel gas is recovered in line 71.