| 摘要 |
1,235,985. Supply systems for heating vehicles. FORD MOTOR CO. Ltd. 24 July, 1969 [16 Aug., 1968], No. 37235/69. Heading H2H. [Also in Divisions G2-G3] A vehicle is provided with an electrical heating system to supplement the conventional heater during the warm-up period comprising a control circuit which disables the voltage regulator during the warm-up period to allow the vehicle alternator to supply the heater elements with a large unregulated output and which effects a gradual transition between the unregulated and regulated alternator condition to prevent the production of electrical transients likely to damage certain components of the vehicle supply system, e.g. the diodes which rectify the alternator output. In Fig. 2, the alternator windings 26, 27, 28 supply a rectifier 30 and heater resistors 44, 45, 46 positioned in the conventional heater air duct to the passenger compartment, Fig. 1 (not shown). During the regulated condition the alternator field winding 43 is controlled by a substantially conventional vibratory-contact voltage regulator 73, which is disabled during the warm-up period by the opening of normally-closed contacts 66 to insert a resistor 64 in circuit and so make the voltage coil 116 of the regulator responsive to the voltage of the battery 55. Contacts 66 are controlled by a relay winding 66a in parallel with relay windings 47a, 48a controlling normallyopen contacts 47, 48 between the alternator windings and heater resistors. These relay windings are controlled by normally-open contacts 98a controlled by a relay winding 98b also having normally-closed contacts 98 in series with the field winding 43. Energization of the winding 98b is prevented by normally-open contacts 105a controlled by a relay winding 105b also having normally-open contacts 105 in parallel with the contacts 98. When the vehicle is started from cold, ignition switch 22 and electrical heating switch 23 are closed to energize the winding 105b and hence the windings 98b, 47a, 48a and 66a, a time delay being provided to open contacts 66 after closure of contacts 47, 48. During the warm-up period, contacts 105 connect the field winding 43 directly across the output of the rectifier 30 and resistor 64 absorbs the excess alternator voltage. At the end of the warm-up period, switch 23 is manually opened or thermal switches 128, 129 open automatically, the last mentioned switches being respectively responsive to the temperature of the engine coolant and to the temperature of the heat resistors 44, 45, 46. As a result winding 105b is de-energized to open contacts 105 and so open-circuit the field winding 43, since the unregulated alternator output voltage maintains the winding 98b energized and hence its contacts 98 remain open. This condition persists until the alternator voltage has fallen to about that of the battery, whereupon the winding 98b is de-energized to de-energize windings 47a, 48a, 66a and so switch out the heater resistors and commence normal regulation of the alternator. This occurs shortly after the opening of contacts 47, 48 due to the abovementioned time delay. The heating effect of the resistors 44, 45, 46 is controlled by a fan driven by a variable speed motor 140. |
