| 摘要 |
A manual shift transmission for vehicles driven by internal combustion engines, especially motor vehicles, has a separating clutch which can be automatically disengaged or engaged by a controllable actuating device as a function of the operating state of the engine and/or of the transmission shift lever. The separating clutch comprises an engageable and disengageable friction clutch, preferably a single-plate clutch, and, in addition, a hydrodynamic torque transmission assembly, connected to the friction clutch on the output side. A vacuum diaphragm serves as actuating device for the friction clutch. The vacuum acting on the vacuum diaphragm can be controlled by a solenoid valve, the electrical power supply of which can be switched on and off automatically by the combustion air feed device or the fuel feed device of the internal combustion engine and/or manually by the transmission shift lever. The abovementioned measures for automatic engaging and disengaging of the friction clutch are characterised by simplicity of construction and operating principle. The shift transmission can be operated without clutch pedal. By means of the hydrodynamic component of the separating clutch, torsional vibrations coming from the engine are damped and smooth acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle permitted. The high flexibility reduces the frequency of gear shifts, so that the number of forward gears of the shift transmission can be reduced to only three gears. |
